فراتحلیل اثر حاصلخیزکننده‌های خاک بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاهان دارویی: از دیرباز تاکنون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران،

2 استاد، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران،

3 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد آسلامی واحد قاینات، قاینات، ایران،

4 دانشجوی دکتری اگرواکولوژی، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
سابقه و هدف
فراتحلیل روشی جامع برای تجزیه و تحلیل آماری چندین آزمایش مستقل بوده و در مطالعات کشاورزی، برای تعیین واکنش تیمارها مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد (14). به دلیل پراکندگی و تفاوت در نتایج مربوط به تاثیر حاصلخیزکننده‌ها بر رشد و عملکرد کمی و کیفی گونه‌های مهم دارویی، در این مطالعه از روش فراتحلیل استفاده شد.
مواد و روش‌ها
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر حاصلخیزکننده‌های مختلف بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی تعدادی از گونه‌های مهم دارویی شامل اسفرزه، رازیانه، ریحان، مرزه، شوید، سیاهدانه و زیره سبز با استفاده از اطلاعات مقالات منتشر شده طی 50 سال گذشته بر اساس پروتکل ROSES انجام شد. از مجموع 78 مقاله انتخاب شده، 18 مقاله مربوط به اسفرزه، 8 مقاله روی رازیانه، 12 مورد روی ریحان، 11 عنوان روی مرزه، 7 مورد روی شوید، 9 عنوان روی سیاهدانه و 13 مورد مربوط به زیره سبز بودند. اندازه اثر هجس، خطای انتشار (با استفاده از همبستگی بگ و مازومدار) و ضریب همبستگی تای کندال محاسبه و نمودارهای قیفی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 2 ترسیم شدند.
نتایج
بر اساس نتایج اندازه اثر هجس، کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست (106/1g=) بالاترین تاثیر بر عملکرد اسفرزه داشت و رتبه بعدی برای تلفیق کودها (061/0g=) بدست آمد. همچنین کودهای مختلف اثر معنی‌داری بر عملکرد رازیانه و شوید نداشت. کاربرد کود زیستی (553/0g=) بر عملکرد سیاهدانه و کاربرد ترکیبی کودها و کود شیمیایی بر عملکرد زیره سبز معنی‌دار بود. کودهای دامی و ورمی-کمپوست و ترکیب کودها با اندازه اثر به ترتیب با 6/0، 9/0 و 7/0 بر درصد موسیلاژ اسفرزه معنی‌دار بودند. کاربرد کودهای دامی، زیستی و ترکیبی بر اسانس رازیانه و شوید، سیاهدانه و زیره سبز اثر معنی‌داری داشت. نتایج آزمون همبستگی بگ و مازومدار نشان داد که اثر کودهای شیمیایی بر زیره سبز غیریکنواخت بوده و مصرف این کودها قابل توصیه نمی‌باشد؛ ولی اثر کودهای شیمیایی بر وزن خشک برگ ریحان همگن بود. در سایر موارد هم کاربرد کودهای زیستی، ورمی‌کمپوست و دامی از یکنواختی و همگنی برخوردار بوده و با اطمینان 95 درصد برای این گونه‌ها قابل توصیه می‌باشند.
نتیجه‌گیری
به طور کلی، ناهمگونی باقیمانده بالایی در فراتحلیل اثر حاصلخیزکننده‌های خاک بر گونه‌های دارویی وجود داشت که نشان می‌دهد برای درک تأثیر تیمارهای کودی بر رشد، عملکرد کمی و کیفی این گونه‌های گیاهی، تعیین خصوصیات فیزیکی، شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی خاک نیز مورد نیاز است. نتایج این مطالعه رشد و عملکرد گیاهان دارویی تحت تاثیر کودهای مختلف را براساس شواهد علمی موجود نشان داد که این امر زمینه‌ای را برای بهبود مدیریت گیاهان دارویی فراهم می‌نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Soil Fertilizers on Quantitative and Quality Yield of Medicinal Plants: From Past to Now

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soroor Khorramdel 1
  • Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati 2
  • Mahmoud Mokhtari 3
  • Hoda Latifi 4
1 Department of Agrotechnology, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Agrotecnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of agriculture, Islamic Azad University. Ghaenat Branch, Ghaenat, Iran
4 Ferdowsi university, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and objectives
Meta-analysis is a comprehensive statistical analysis method for multiple independent experiments under the same subject. In the agricultural research field, the technique is mainly used for the comprehensive study of trials to explore the response characteristics of the main treatments (11). Due to the dispersions and differences in the results of studies on the effect of fertilizers on the growth and quantitative and qualitative yield of important medicinal species, in this study, meta-analysis method was used.
Materials and methods
We conducted a global meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of various fertilizers on quantitative yield and quality of some medicinal plants including psyllium, fennel, basil, savory, dill, black seed and cumin using data obtained from peer-reviewed publication during past 50-year based on a ROSES protocol. So, 78 studies were selected that they representing 18 studies on psyllium, 8 studies on fennel, 12 studies on basil, 11 studies on savory, 7 studies on dill, 9 studies on black seed and 13 studies on cumin. Hedges effect size, publication bias (by using Begg and Mazumdar correlation) and Kendall's Tau coefficient were computed and funnel graphs were drawn by using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 2.
Results
Based on the results, the highest effect size was related to the impact of humic acid on dried weight of stigma (g=3.434). After humic acid, biofertilizer, chemical fertilizer and compost were computed in the next ranks. Based on the Hedges effect size, vermicompost (g=1.106) had the highest impact on psyllium yield of and the next rank was computed for integrated fertilizers (g=0.061). Different fertilizers had not significant effect on yield of fennel and dill. The results revealed that bio-fertilizer (g=0.553) had significant effect on yield of black seed. Also, cumin yield was significantly affected by integrated and chemical fertilizers. Effect size values for manure, vermicompost and integrated fertilizers on mucilage percentage of psyllium were computed significant impact with 0.6, 0.9 and 0.7, respectively. Manure, bio-fertilizer and integrated fertilizers were also significant on essential oil content of fennel, black seed and cumin. The results of Begg and Mazumdar correlation revealed that the impact of chemical fertilizer was heterogeneous on cumin and these fertilizers are not recommended for the medicinal plant species. The effect of chemical fertilizer was calculated as homogeneous on leaf dried weight of basil. In other cases, the application of biofertilizer, vermicompost and manure are homogeneous and recommended for these crops with 95% confidence interval.


Conclusion
Totally, there was high residual heterogeneity in meta-analyses of soil fertilizers on different species of medicinal plants, suggesting that a large amount of further research with detailed analysis of soil physical, chemical and biological properties is also required to fully understand the influence of fertilizer treatments on growth, quantitative yield, and quality oil yield. This meta-analysis quantified the growth and yield of medicinal plant affected as different fertilizers based on available scientific evidence, providing a basis for improvement of medicinal plants management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Begg and Mazumdar correlation
  • ROSES protocol
  • Residual heterogeneity
  • Homogeneous and heterogeneous

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مجله تولید گیاهان زراعی
دوره 15، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 183-204

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