نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام
2 دانشجوی دکتری مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی(گرایش مدیریت و تحلیل سامانه ها) دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی
3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
History And Target: Efficient use of energy is one of the basic goals of sustainable agriculture. Increasing demand for food has led the Increased consumption of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, machinery and other natural resources, that has is the adverse environmental impacts on water, air and land. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to increase the efficiency of the use of energy resources and reduce the environmental impact. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and economic analysis of watermelon production in Chardavol, Ilam province.
Materials and Methods: The information required for this research was collected through questionnaires and interviews in year 97. The sampling method was simple random. The amount of greenhouse gas emissions in the watermelon production system was calculated using the CO2 equivalent coefficient for different inputs. Energy indices included energy ratio, energy efficiency, energy intensity, and net energy. The energy ratio represents the ratio between the caloric value of the output products and the total energy consumed in the production factors. This indicator is dimensionless and shows the amount of energy obtained per unit of energy consumed for production. Energy intensity represents the energy consumption to produce one unit of product. This indicator varies depending on the type of crop, location and time, and can be used as an indicator to evaluate energy efficiency in different production systems. Energy efficiency is the inverse of energy intensity and is obtained by dividing the amount of product produced by the energy consumed and, in fact, expressing the amount of product output per unit of energy consumed. In these relationships, unit energy ratios, output energy in (Mj/ha), input energy in terms of (Mj/ha), energy efficiency in terms of (Kg/Mj), energy intensity in terms of (Mj/Kg), total The crop produced in the period was in Kg / ha and net energy added in Mj / ha. Also, the calculation of economic indices was estimated based on gross income indices, gross output value, fixed and variable costs, yield, product price and profit-to-cost ratio. SPSS25 and Exel software were used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that the two inputs of irrigation water and diesel fuel were %36.01 and %25.21, respectively. Total input and output energies in watermelon production were calculated 38584.89 and 781115.93 MJ/ha. The ratio of energy, energy efficiency, energy intensity and net added energy were estimated as 2.02, 1.06, 0.93 and 39531.04 MJ, respectively. Total greenhouse gas emissions were 1151.4 kg CO2/ha, the highest amount of which was related to livestock manure and diesel fuel with 489.6 and 476.7 kg CO2, respectively. The profit-to-cost ratio was 3.85.
Conclusion: According to the study, the highest energy consumption is related to irrigation water and diesel fuel. The highest greenhouse gas emissions were related to the use of animal manure with 489.6 kg followed by diesel fuel with 476.79 kg carbon dioxide equivalent. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct researches on applying conservation and low tillage methods to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse effects of fuel consumption. Also, since the profit-to-cost ratio of 3.85 was calculated, watermelon production is economically justified, but attention to the water issue is essential in locating the crop.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Energy. 32: 1. 35-41.
)