نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی- پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
2 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and objectives: The most important challenge in the cultivation of rice under common and conventional methods is the excessive use of water and difficulties for the growers. Due to climate change and the diminishing of ground and water resources in Iran, methods with lower water consumption and more productivity and ease such as aerobic cultivation should be considered. On the other hand, the adoption of aerobic cultivation of rice results in the rapid spree of weeds and the difficulty of their control. Therefore, this research was carried out to evaluate the effect of weed management on yield and yield components of Neda and Fajr cultivars of rice under aerobic conditions in Sari township.
Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted as a strip plot with three replicates at Dasht-e- Naz field, Sari in 2020-2021. Treatments included two cultivars (Neda and Fajr) and 10 levels of weed management including 1- bispyribac sodium (Clean Weed SC 40%), 2- pendimethalin (Prowl SC 5.45 %) + bispyribac sodium (Novino OF 10%), 3- pendimethalin (Stomp EC 33%) + Clean Weed, 4- Prowl + Clean Weed, 5- Stomp+ Clean Weed + Clean Weed, 6- Prowl + Clean Weed + bensulfuron methyl (Londax DF 60%), 7- Prowl + Novino + Novino, 8- Prowl+ Clean Weed + Clean Weed, 9- weed-free and 10- weedy check. Prowl and Stomp herbicides were applied pre-emergence and the rest were applied post-emergence. Herbicides were applied at their recommended field rate. Multiple-herbicide treatments were used sequentially. Studied traits were panicles per m2, grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index.
Results: According to results, the highest value for all the studied traits was related to the weed-free treatment, followed by three- times application of herbicides (Prowl + Clean Weed + Londax, Prowl + Novino + Novino, and Prowl + Clean Weed + Clean Weed) which led to the highest panicles per m2, grains per panicle, 1000 grains weight, grain yield and biological yield. The grain yield of Neda cultivar (5296 kg ha-1) was higher than that of Fajr (3786 kg ha-1). In other words, Neda cultivar had 40% more grain yield (1510 kg ha-1) compared with Fajr cultivar. Grain yield in the weed-free treatment was 96% higher than that of the weedy check. Overall, treatments containing three- times application of herbicides led to an average increase of more than 70% compared with the weedy check in grain yield, whereas single-herbicide treatments increased the grain yield only by 36%.
Conclusion: Based on the results, cultivation of Neda cultivar and three-times application of herbicides (application of pre-emergence herbicide followed by two- times application of a post-emergence herbicide) is recommended to improve the grain yield of rice under aerobic system.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
)