نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران،
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران،
3 استادیار ، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران،
4 دانشیار ، گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران،
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and objectives: The process of producing agricultural products has a certain complexity and finesse and is affected by various factors. These factors, in turn, pose numerous challenges in the field of global agricultural production. Therefore, in order to reduce these problems and improve the activities resulting from production, in the first place, it must pay attention to how management operations. This requires monitoring all stages leading to production through documentation. Documenting the production flow (collect all the steps and operations of the production line from preparing the seedbed to harvest) is one of the first effective steps in improving management processes in agriculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the details of the production process and all agronomic operations and in order to reduce the challenges related to farm management and ultimately improve the yield of rice in the Ghaemshahr region.
Materials and methods: Due to the importance of documenting the production process, in this study there were three groups of information related to agronomic management, soil and crop during the crop years 2019 and 2020 in the field and with continuous monitoring of the studied farms during the growing season and during the stages of planting, holding and harvesting were recorded and collected. In these studies, it was determined the range of changes and the manner of performing each management operation and the proportion of farmers who used different management methods, with absolute and cumulative frequency distribution.
Results: The results of this project showed that the date of transplanting in the region is between 29 April to 9 June. Transplantation is often traditional (by labor). The amount of seed used varies between 30 to 144 kg.ha-1 depending on the type and quality of seed, type of nursery and transplanting method, soil texture, local and experimental knowledge of the farmer. About 54% of farms still use self-consuming seeds. Despite the variety of figures, Tarom Hashemi is more welcomed. Urea, triple superphosphate and potassium sulfate are the dominant fertilizers to meet the nutritional needs of the rice plant. Most of the installments are allocated to urea fertilizer. Depending on the weather conditions and the type of cultivar, harvesting is usually done between July 19 and September 20 and 95% with rice combine. Due to the variety of cultivars and management methods, the yield of paddy varied between 2269 to 11052 kg.ha-1.
Conclusion: By documenting the production process while being aware of the current situation of farms in the region, it is possible to solve the existing problems in production systems and reach the ideal situation. Also, in doing similar projects, rework and spending a lot of time and interruptions in work are avoided.
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