Evaluation of morphophysiological traits and yield components and its relationship with grain yield under seedling and direct cultivation conditions in different densities in rapeseed cultivars (Brasica napus L.)

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Department of Agriculture, Go.C., Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran

2 Faculty member of Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Associated Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

4 Professor, Horticulture and Agronomy Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Agricultural Research, Educational and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives: Since more than 90% of the oil consumed in the country is supplied through imports, it is necessary to pay more attention to the development of oilseed plants and increasing their yield. Due to the smallness of its seeds, rapeseed is very sensitive to the depth of planting and the quality of the planting bed during the process of germination and greening in the field, therefore seed cultivation is one of the ways to increase yield in rapeseed.
Materials and Methods:In order to investigate some morphological traits, grain yield components and their relationship with grain yield in different rapeseed cultivars under direct seedling cultivation conditions in different experimental densities in the two cropping years 2016-17 and 2017-2018 in Gorgan Agricultural Research Station to Was implemented. The experiment was performed as a split-factorial in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications and 3 factors. Experimental factors included: 1- planting method, 2- plant density and 3- cultivar. The first main factor of sowing method in 5 levels, 1) direct sowing of seeds in the field at the same time as sowing seeds in the seedling tray, 2) direct sowing of seeds in the field at the same time as transplanting the seedlings to the field, 3) cultivation of single plant seedlings 4) Heap seedling cultivation contained three seeds and 5) Heap seedling cultivation contained five seeds.
Results:: Was. The results of this experiment showed that the effect of cultivar, planting method, density and interaction between planting method and cultivar and the interaction effect of planting method and density on morphological traits such as plant height, stem diameter and dormancy percentage in rapeseed were significant. In Delgan cultivar, in all planting methods, the height of the plant and the height of the first pod from the ground was higher than Hayola 50 cultivar. The results of this experiment also showed the effect of cultivar, planting method, density and interaction of planting method and cultivar and the interaction of density and planting method on grain yield components (number of seeds per pod and number of pods per plant) and grain yield in rapeseed ‌ Was. The highest grain yield was observed in the treatment of single plant seedling and Delgan cultivar which was equal to 3940.9 kg / ha and based on the results of comparing the mean interaction of planting method and density among different planting methods of single plant planting method Led to the highest grain yield at both densities of 30 and 60 plants per square meter, which at densities of 30 and 60 plants per square meter, respectively, grain yield was 3756.6 and 3940.9 kg / ha.
Conclusion:In general, based on the results of this experiment, it should be stated that the use of single plant seedling, Delgan cultivar and density of 30 plants per square meter is very useful for rapeseed cultivation.

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References

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Journal of Crop Production
Volume 19, Issue 1
March 2026
Pages 1-27

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