The effect of application iron and zinc nanooxides on grain yield, chlorophyll fluorescence indices and some physiological traits of three Bean cultivars

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 PhD student, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran,

2 Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran,

3 Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

10.22069/ejcp.2025.23549.2678

Abstract

Extended Abstract

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, the significant increase in population has placed an additional burden on global agricultural resources. Consequently, meeting global food demand and increasing farmers' incomes has become a challenging task. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is among the most important legumes for direct human consumption and are one of the most widely cultivated bean species in the world. Nanotechnology is considered an environmentally friendly approach for providing new solutions to minimize agricultural harm. The use of zinc and iron nanoparticles as a foliar spray treatment can be a promising strategy to mitigate iron deficiency in sandy soils and enhance plant growth, pod yield, and quality in common bean. This study aimed to investigate the effects of foliar application of iron and zinc nanoparticles on seed yield and some agro-physiological traits of three common bean cultivars.

Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot design within a completely randomized block design with three replications in the village of Balasjin, city of Sarab, East Azarbaijan Province during the 2022-2023 agricultural year. The treatments included three common bean cultivars (local Sarab, Talash, and Uzbek) as the main factor and four levels of foliar application (control (water spray as control), iron oxide nanoparticles (at a concentration of one gram per liter), zinc oxide nanoparticles (at a concentration of one gram per liter), and combined application of iron and zinc oxide nanoparticles (at a concentration of one gram per liter)) as the sub-factor.

Results: The results indicated that the effects of the experimental treatments (common bean cultivars and foliar application of iron and zinc nanoparticles) on the evaluated traits were significant. Foliar application of iron and zinc nanoparticles led to increased chlorophyll index, relative water content, stomatal conductance, maximum fluorescence, variable fluorescence, quantum yield, plant height, number of lateral branches, biological yield, seed yield, and decreased minimum fluorescence. Furthermore, the Talash cultivar of common beans exhibited the highest relative water content, stomatal conductance, maximum fluorescence, variable fluorescence, quantum yield, and seed yield compared to the other two cultivars. Under the conditions of combined foliar application of iron and zinc oxide nanoparticles, the highest values of plant height (79.033 cm), number of lateral branches (7), and biological yield (4134.3 kg ha⁻¹) were observed in the Talash, local, and Uzbek genotypes, respectively.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the application of iron and zinc nanoparticles, by influencing the relative water content and photosynthetic conditions of the Talash cultivar, significantly increased the seed yield of this cultivar compared to the local and Uzbek cultivars.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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