Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2
Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
10.22069/ejcp.2024.22055.2612
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Nowadays, due to the increase in the population and the change in people's dietary patterns, the consumption of vegetable oils is increasing. Among the oil plants, Castor (Ricinus communis L.) due to drought, relative resistance to salinity as well as fast and easy growth can be a good choice for producing high oil percentage and according to the effect of optimal plant nutrition in achieving proper yield, this research was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of the type of plant residues and integrated fertilizer management on yield and yield components of castor.
Materials and methods: An experiment was carried out in the form of one-time split plots in the form of a basic design of randomized complete blocks in 3 replications in the crop year 2021-2022 in Andimshek city, located in the north of Khuzestan. Experimental treatments include the use of plant residues (without residues (control), rapeseed residues, wheat residues and corn residues) as the main plot and the type of fertilizer management that includes (completely chemical ((60)K (75)P (90)N), Organic (mixture of compost and vermicompost + Fertilizer 2 + supernitroplus + humic acid), Combined 1 (chemical base fertilizer + fertilizer 2 + supernitroplus + humic acid) and Consolidated 2 (compost and vermicompost mixture base fertilizer + Fertilizer 2 + supernitroplus + humic acid + urea vinegar) as a secondary plot in consideration. were taken. The studied traits included plant height, inflorescence height, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per plant, thousand seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index and oil percentage.
Results: The results showed that the use of plant residues (corn, wheat and canola) and organic and integrated fertilizer 2 resulted in the highest number of seeds per plant, harvest index and oil percentage. So, with the use of organic fertilizer and wheat and corn residues, the highest harvest index was obtained. With the positive effect of combined fertilizer 2 on the percentage of oil, it can be stated that combined fertilizer 2 and corn residues have led to an increase in the quality of the castor plant. So that the grain yield had the highest correlation with the weight of 1000 seeds. Removal of plant residues caused a significant decrease in oil percentage (reduction in quality). But on the other hand, the application of plant residues had the least effect on yield and yield components.
Conclusion: In general, the use of only chemical fertilizers led to an increase in yield and yield components of castor plant. In the event that organic fertilizer and corn residues led to a decrease in yield and yield components. In this study, chemical fertilizer treatment is the most successful in yield and yield components, and organic fertilizer and corn and wheat residues are the most successful in castor seed quality.
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