Evaluation of corn plant adaptation strategies in Iran's future climatic conditions using SSM-iCrop2 model

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University

2 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

3 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

4 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

Abstract

Background and objectives: Climate change is one of the most important and vital threats that humanity is facing today, and the performance of many plants, including corn (Zea mays L.); affects. In terms of global production, corn ranks third after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.); and according to the recent climate changes and the warming of the air, it seems that the cultivation of this plant as a species with the C4 photosynthetic pathway has become more important.Currently, Iran, with its dry climate and consecutive droughts and increasing temperature, needs to choose strategies to adapt to climate change. For this purpose, the researchers investigated the effects of climate change on the production of agricultural plants in the future climate conditions and 2050, using the general circulation model.Considering the increase in population and the establishment of food security and the cultivation of crops facing agricultural challenges with the problem of climate change; the present study was conducted to simulate the effects of climate change on the corn plant and to provide adaptation solutions for this plant to deal with the effects of climate change.
Materials and methods: In the present study, used SSM-iCrop2 model in two periods (2025) 2010-2039 and (2055) 2069-2040 and under two release scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 in 23 meteorological stations of the country. The SSM-iCrop2 model simulates growth, development and yield on a daily basis as a function of weather conditions, soil properties and crop management. Also, this model has the ability to simulate the stages of phenology, leaf expansion and aging, the effect of air dryness, salinity and CO2 on dry matter production, dry matter distribution, the effect of extreme temperatures on the leaf surface, yield formation and soil water balance.
Considering the increase in temperature and CO2 in the future, to improve the yield of corn, there are three strategies to adapt to the change in the date of planting, processing and combining the two strategies of delaying and accelerating the planting, which increase the yield; is considered.
Results: The results showed that the use of the late arrival strategy in both periods and the strategy of accelerating planting in the middle period (2055) and also the combination of these two strategies have increased the yield of the corn plant; this increase in 10% lateness with 20 days acceleration in planting was shown more strongly than other strategies.
Conclusion: In general, it can be recommended that in order to deal with the effects of climate change in the corn plant, this plant should be of late type and should be planted 20 days earlier than the common planting date; so that the sensitive stages of growth such as flowering, pod filling and maturity are not faced with environmental stresses to have the best performance.

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Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Crop Production
Volume 17, Issue 2
July 2024
Pages 17-30

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