The effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and application of organic fertilizers on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrient content Nasturtium officinalis

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 department agronomi

2 Department of Agronomy, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

3 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Agronomy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Abstract
Background and objectives:
Endemic vegetables are a wide range of plants that are known and used in different regions with different names and are native to the region. But a group of them, which are found in most areas, are more common in food, and some of them are used as medical treatment, sedatives, and in health and cosmetics. These plants grow away from chemical fertilizers and in the sun and have a different flavor and are more nutritious and natural than vegetables grown artificially. The increasing use of chemical fertilizers has caused irreparable environmental and health damage. These disadvantages of chemical fertilizers and the high cost of their production have caused the production of biofertilizers to be given serious attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers (vermicompost, vermiwash) and mycorrhizal symbiosis on yield and yield components of Nasturtium officinalis.
Materials and Methods: This factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with 8 treatments and 4 replications in Sari with a geographical position of 53 degrees and 63 degrees East, 36 degrees latitude, and 82 minutes north and 43.3 meters above sea level in 2014. The test factors included mycorrhiza Glomus moseae in two levels (0 and 200 spores in a pot), vermicompost in two levels (0 and 200 g in a pot), and foliar application vermiwash in two levels (0 and 1.5 liters in the specified pots). Characteristics such as leaf area index, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll, the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, fresh weight of leaves and stems, number and diameter of flowers and weight of 1000 seeds were evaluated.
Results: The results showed that the use of organic fertilizers (vermicompost, foliar application of vermicompost) and mycorrhizal coexistence increased leaf area index, 1000-seed weight, and percentage of phosphorus, nitrogen, and chlorophyll a, b compared to the control. Mycorrhizal symbiosis treatment with foliar application of vermicompost and application of vermicompost caused 53% increase in 1000-seed weight, 245% nitrogen, 72% phosphorus and 65% chlorophyll b compared to the control. According to the obtained results, combining G. mosseae treatment and foliar application with vermicompost and application of vermicompost had better results than other treatments.
Conclusion: generally, Organic and biological fertilizers have a positive impact on the yield and yield components of Nasturtium officinalis The application of vermicompost, compost tea, and mycorrhizal symbiosis through the availability of nutrients has increased the Nasturtium officinalis qualitative and quantitative qualities.

Keywords

References

  1. Adediran, J.A., Taiwo, L.B., Akande, M.O., Sobulo, R.A., and Idowu, O.J. 2004. Application of organic and inorganic fertilizer for sustainable maize and cowpea yields in NigeriaPlant Nutr. 27: 1163–1181.
  2. Ahmadpour, R., Armand, N., and Hosseinzadeh, S.R. 2016. Effect of vermicompost extract on germination characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) under salinity stress. IJSR. 2: 2. 123-135.
  3. Amiri, M.B., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., and Jahan, M. 2016. Study the morphological characteristics affecting yield of Echium amoenum under different organic and chemical fertilizers and plant densities. IJHS. 47: 55-69.
  4. Arnon, D. J. 1956. Chlorophyll absorption spectrum and quantitative determination. Biophys. Acta. 20: 449-461.
  5. Arguello, J.A., Ledesma., A., Nunez, S.B., Rodriguez, C.H., and Goldfarb, M.D.D. 2006. Vermicompost effects on bulbing dynamics, nonstructural carbohydrate content, yield, and quality of Rosado paraguayo garlic bulbs. Sci. 41: 3. 589-592.
  6. Atiyeh, R. M., Lee, S., Edwards, C.A., Arancon, N.Q., and Metzger, J.D. 2002. The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm-processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresour. Technol. 84: 7-14.
  7. Ayyobi, H., Peyvast, G.A., and Olfati, J.A. 2013. Effect of vermicompost and vermicompost extract on oil yield and quality of peppermint (Mentha piperita). JIJAS. 58: 1. 51-60.
  8. Azizi, M., Baghani, M., Lakzian, A., and Aroei, H. 2005. Effect of vermicompost and vermiwash foliar application on morphological characters and active ingredients content basil (Ocimum basilicum). 21: 2. 41-52.
  9. Bastami, A., and Majidian, M. 2016. Comparison of the effect of mycorrhiza fungus and biophosphate fertilizer with animal manure on growth characteristics and dry weight of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). JGCST. 7: 26. 23-33.
  10. Boligon, A.A., Janovik, V., Boligon, A.A, Pivetta, C.R., Pereira, RP., and Da Rocha, JB. 2013. HPLC analysis of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in Nasturtum officinale. Int J. Food Prop. 16: 1. 61-9.
  11. Bremner, J.M., and Mulvaney, C.S. 1982. Nitrogen-total. P 595-624, In: A.L. Page (eds), Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties, American Society of Agronomy, SSSA, Madison.
  12. Chattopadhyay, A. 2014. Effect of vermiwash and vermicompost on an ornamental flower, Zinnia J. Hortic. 1: 112.
  13. Chavan, BL., Vedpathak, MM., and Pirgonde, BR. 2015. Effects of organic and chemical fertilizers on cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonolobus). Eur. J. Exp. Biol. 5: 1. 34-38.
  14. Emami, A. 1996. Methods of chemical analysis of plant. Technical publication, SWRI, Tehran. 982: 1. 91-128.
  15. Fageria, N.K., and Baligar, V.C. 2005. Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants. Adv Agron. 88: 97-185.
  16. Franken, P. 2012. The plant strengthening root endophyte Piriformospora indica: potential application and the biology behind. Appl Microbiol Biot. 96: 1455-1464.
  17. Ghazi Manas, M., Banj Shafiee, SH., Hajseyd Hadi M.R., and Darzi., M.T. 2013. Effects of vermicompost and nitrogen on qualitative and quantitative yield of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla ). Ir. J. Med. Arom. Plants. 29: 269-280.
  18. Gupta, M.L., Prasad, A., Ram, M., and Kumar, S. 2002. 'Effect of the vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus fasciculatum on the essential oil yield related characters and nutrient acquisition in the crops of different cultivars of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis) under field conditions. Bioresour Technol. 81: 1. 77-79.
  19. Gutierrez-Miceli, F.A., Moguel-Zamudio, B., Abud-Achila M., and Gutierrez-Oliva. V.F. 2007. Vermicompost as a soil supplement to improve growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). Bioresour. Technol. 98: 15. 2781-2786.
  20. Jafari, S., and Hassandokht, M. 2012. Evaluation of some Iranian watercress (Nasturtium officinale ) populations using agromorphological traits. IJFSE. 2: 3. 119-123.
  21. Kaushik, P., and Garg. V.K. 2003. Vermicomposting of mixed solid textile mill sludge and cow dung with the epigeic earthworm Eisenia foetida. Bioresour Technol. 90: 311-316.
  22. Khalesro, Sh., Ghalavand, A., Sefidkon, F., and Asgharzadeh, A. 2012. The effect of biological and organic inputs on quantity and quality of essential oil and some elements content of anise (Pimpinella anisum ). Ir. J. Med. Arom. Plants. 27: 4. 551-560.
  23. Khoramdel, S., Koochaki, A., Nasiri Mahallati, M. Ghorbani, R. 2010. The effect of application of biological fertilizers on yield and yield components of Nigella sativa. IJFCS. 8: 5. 776-768.
  24. Khoram Ghahfarkhi, A., Rahimi, A., Torabi, B., Madah Hosseini, Sh. 2015. The effect of humic acid fertilizer application, foliar application of compost tea and vermicompost on the uptake of elements and content of chlorophyll safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). JOPP. 2: 1. 71-84.
  25. Koozehgar kaleji, M., Ardakani, M.R., and Alavi Fazel, M. 2020. Effects of mycorrhizal symbiosis and the use of organic fertilizers, vermicompost and tea compost on quantitative and qualitative yield of Melissa officinalis. JPEC. 14: 3. 346-360.
  26. Koozehgar Kaleji, M., and Ardakani, M.R. 2019. Effects of organic fertilizers application on yield and yield components of Eryngium caeruleum Bieb. affected by mycorrhizal symbiosis. Ir. J. Med. Arom. Plants. 34: 6. 924-935.
  27. Koozehgar Kaleji, M., Ardakani, M.R., Khodabandeh, N., and Alavi Fazel, M. 2018. Effects of mycorrhizal symbiosis along with vermicompost and tea compost on quantity and quality yield of Mentha aquatic JPEC. 12: 3. 461-476.
  28. Koozegar Kaleji., M. and Ardakani, M. R .2018. 'Quantitative and qualitative performance of Froriepia subpinnata as affected by mycorrhizal symbiosis, compost tea, and vermi compost'. 8: 2457-2467.
  29. Koozehgar Kaleji, M., Ardakani, M., R. 2017. Investigation of the effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis, application of vermicompost and compost tea on some morphological characteristics of peppermint (Mentha spicata L). Quarterly JMCB. 12: 2. 57-64.
  30. Mafakheri, S., Omidbaigi, R., Sefidkon, F., and Rejali, F. 2012. Effect of vermicompost, biophosphate and azotobacter on quantity and quality of essential oil of Dracocephalum moldavica Ir. J. Med. Arom. Plants. 27: 4. 596-605.
  31. Sasanelli, N., Anton, A., Takacs, T., Addabbo, T., Biro, I., and Malov, X. 2009. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the nematicidal properties of leaf extracts of Thymus vulgaris Helminthologia. 46: 4. 230-240.
  32. Salehi Sardoei, A. 2014. Vermicompost effects on the growth and flowering of marigold (Calendula officinalis). EJEB. 4: 1. 651-655.
  33. Selvaraj, T., and Chellappan, P. 2006. Arbuscular mycorrhizae: A diverse personality. Central Eur. J. Agric. 7: 349- 358.
  34. Siddiqui, Y., Meon, S., Ismail, R., Rahmani, M., and Ali, A. 2008. Bio-efficiency of compost extracts on the wet rot incidence, morphological and physiological growth of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus ). Sci Hortic. 117: 9-14.
  35. Sundararasu, K., and Jeyasankar, A. 2014. Effect of vermiwash on growth and yield of brinjal, Solanum melongena (egg plant or aubergine). Asian J. Sci. Tech. 5: 3. 171-173.
  36. Tahami Zarandi, SM.K., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., and Jahan, M. 2010. Comparison the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on yield and essential oil percentage of Basil (Ocimum basilicum ). J Agroecol. 2: 1. 70-82.
  37. Tang, M., Chen, H., Huang, JC., and Tian, ZQ. 2009. AM fungi effects on the growth and physiology of Zea mays seedlings under diesel stress. Soil Biol Biochem. 41: 936-940.
  38. Yousefi Shyadh, S.M., Chalu, F., and Zangi, S. 2015. Effect of vermicompost and duration of light in the greenhouse production of medicinal plants stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). SCRC.6: 21. 38-31.
  39. Zare Hosseini, R., Mohammadi Gol Tappeh, A., Kalateh Jari, S., Dehghani Meshkani, M.R. 2015. The effect of vermicompost and fungal inoculation on growth characteristics and stoside content of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. J. Med. Plants. 4: 60.179-188.
  40. Zubek, S., and Blaszkowski, J. 2009. Medicinal plants as hosts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes. Phytochem Rev. 8: 571-580.
Journal of Crop Production
Volume 14, Issue 1
July 2021
Pages 87-102

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics