Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
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student
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Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Gonbad Kavous University
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3- Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Karaj
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Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Karaj
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4- Assistant Professor of Agriculture Department, Gonbad Kaus University
Abstract
Background and objectives: Today, medicinal plants are among the most important economic plants that are used and exploited raw or processed in traditional and modern medicine, and the method and method of management is very important in the production of these plants. Echinacea is one of the dark plants of Asteraceae, which is native to North America, but today it is cultivated in most parts of Europe and Asia, as well as Iran. All vegetative organs of this plant, including roots and leaves, contain valuable active ingredients. The compounds of this plant have been used in the past and present for blood purification, snakebite, respiratory disorders and viral infections. Research has shown that several factors such as climate, soil type, crop management, plant nutrition, harvesting method, environmental stresses, etc. affect the amount of active ingredient of medicinal plants, which is one of the effective agricultural factors in quantitative and qualitative plant growth and yield. Is plant nutrition. Therefore, in this regard, a study has been conducted on the effect of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on vegetative traits and medicinal compounds of this plant.
Materials and Methods:This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on vegetative traits and medicinal compounds of Echinacea in two cropping years (1397-1397). The types of biological fertilizers used in this study included: Glomus intradices, humic acid, growth-promoting bacteria (Azotobacter chroococum), vermicompost (source of cow manure) and chemical fertilizers (NPK) with different treatment compositions in the materials section. And the methods referred to were used.
Results and Discussion: The results related to agronomic traits showed that the main effect of year and treatment as well as the interaction of year and fertilizer treatments on leaf area index traits, number of leaves per plant, leaf and stem dry weight, number of main and lateral flowering branches, number of flowers per plant, The number of petals in main flower, total dry weight of flower and total dry weight of plant except root were significant and only capitol diameter traits were the main effects of year and interaction of year in fertilizer treatment had no effect on this trait. These traits showed a significant increase with the combined use of vermicompost, humic acid and bacterial fertilizers. Also, in some traits, the combined use of mycorrhiza + humic acid + bacteria, vermicompost + mycorrhiza + humic increased vegetative and reproductive traits in Echinacea. Took. Based on the results of comparing the average interaction of the year in fertilizer application, the highest total dry weight of flowers and total dry weight except roots with averages of 7300 and 18567 kg/ha, respectively, related to fertilizer treatment combined use of vermicompost, humic acid and bacteria per year The second sampling was obtained and the lowest amount with an average of 487 and 2930 kg/ha, respectively, was related to the control treatment in the first year of the experiment.
Conclusion:Therefore, the same method of use can be recommended to farmers, ie the simultaneous use of vermicompost, bacteria, humic and mycorrhizal fungi are the best compounds.
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