The evaluation of quantitative and qualitative traits of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and pea (Pisum sativum) and Land Equivalent Ratio under different planting patterns and nitrogen levels

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Abstract

Background and objectives
Intercropping, the agricultural practice of cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time, is an old and commonly used cropping practice which aims to match efficiently crop demands to the available growth resources. Usually in intercropping treatments forage dry matter, percentage of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre content and water-soluble carbohydrates compared with sole crop. The aim of this study was determining of quantity and quality of produced forage in sole and intercropping of barley and pea and also Land Equivalent Ratio.
Matherials and Methods
This experiment was arranged as factorial based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at research field, Gonbad Kavous University during growing season of 2012- 2013. Five intercropping levels were included sole crop of barley and pea, one row of barley + one row of pea, two rows of barley + two rows of pea and three rows of barley + three rows of pea and four levels of nitrogen was 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg/ha. Sowing date was 6 December 2011 and harvest date was 26 April 2012. The traits was forage dry yield, percentage of crude protein, dry matter digestibility, water soluble carbohydrates, acid detergent fiber, ash and protein yield. For analysis variance of data software of SAS Ver.9.1.3. were used and treatment mean differences were separated by the least significant difference (LSD) test at the 0.05 probability level.
Results
The results showed that the effect of intercropping, nitrogen and interaction of intercropping × nitrogen on forage dry yield were significant (α= 1%). Effect of intercropping on percentage of crude protein, dry matter digestibility, water soluble carbohydrates, acid detergent fiber, ash and protein yield was significant (α= 1%). percentage of crude protein and ash and so protein yield were affected by nitrogen. Forage yield in sole crop of barley with consumption of 75 and 50 kg N ha-1 with 14.51 and 14.3 t ha-1 was the highest and in sole crop of pea without consumption of nitrogen with 3.76 t ha-1 was less than other treatmentst. Treatment of sole crop of pea had the highest amounts of crude protein, dry matter digestibility, water soluble carbohydrates and ash and the lowest of acid detergent fiber. Protein yield in sole crop of barley was higher than other treatments. Nitrogen increased percentage of crude protein, percentage of ash and protein yield. Land Equivalent Ratio in intercropping treatments was less than 1.
Conclusion
Forage dry matte in sole crop of barley with consumption of nitrogen was better than other treatments whereas sole crop of pea without nitrogen consumption produced the minimum yield. All quality traits except percentage of ash in sole crop of pea was higher than sole crop of barley and intercropping treatments. Land Eqivalent Ratio in all intercropping treatments was less than 1 so, intercropping was not superior than sole crops.
Key words: Ash, Forage Yield, Land Equivalent Ratio, Protein

Keywords

Main Subjects


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