Interaction effects between planting method and plant density on seed yield and some physiological characteristics of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) new lines in Guilan

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Prof., Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran

2 Agronomy Expert, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran

3 Breeding Researcher, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran

4 Agronomy Expert, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran

5 Former Deputy of Plant Products Improvement, Guilan Agriculture Jihad Organization, Rasht, Iran

6 Agronomy Manager, Guilan Agriculture Jihad Organization, Rasht, Iran

7 Former Agronomy Manager, Guilan Agriculture Jihad Organization, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives: Peanut is one of the most important oilseed plants with indeterminate growth habit, which its seed and meal contains a range of 40-50% and 30-50% oil and protein on a dry seed basis, respectively. In many countries, peanut is planted as ridge method which help to control weeds by mechanical methods using rotary or cultivator. Also, a suitable plant density per unit area can improve photosynthetic process and enhance quantitative and qualitative yield in peanut seed. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of planting method and plant density on seed yield and physiological characteristics in some new lines of peanut under Guilan climatic condition.
Materials and methods: In order to determine the best planting method and plant density to improve seed yield of some new lines of peanut, two experiments carried out in 2017 - 2018 cropping seasons as split-split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Rasht, Iran. Two planting methods (Flat and Ridge), three plant density per hectare (D1=125000, D2= 100000 and D3= 83333) and five new lines of peanut (128, 176, 192, 201 and 208) comprised experimental treatments as main, sub and sub-sub plots, respectively.
Results: Results showed that 192 new line produced the greatest seed yield per hectare (3128 kg/ha), seed number per pod (2.08) and biological yield (8983 kg/ha) in response to flat method and D1 plant density. Also, the interaction effect between flat planting method, 100000 plant per hectare and 176 line showed the highest seed oil content (57.67 %). The highest harvest index (40.29%) was observed in 128 new line under flat planting method and 100000 plant per hectare.
Conclusion: In general, results showed that the flat planting method, 125000 plant per hectare and 192 new line of peanut caused to enhance seed yield of peanut under Guilan climatic condition. In this experiment, flat planting method had superiority to ridge planting method and new lines of peanut were differ for seed yield per unit area. The results of this experiment, indicated that peanut seed yield enhanced due to increase of plant density per unit area which could be caused by improvement of solar radiance absorption, exceed of photosynthetic capacity, optimized uses of field unit area and decline of inter plant competition. Based on results of this experiment, flat planting method, 125000 plant per hectare and 192 new line of peanut could be recommendable in direction to enhance seed yield of peanut under Guilan climatic condition

Keywords

References

.Akram, N.A., Shafiq, F., and Ashraf, M. 2018. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): A prospective legume crop to offer multiple health benefits under changing climate. Compreh. Rev. Food Sci. Food Safety. 17: 1325-1338.
2.Asgharipour, M., and Rezvani Moghaddam, P. 2006. The effect of planting dates and seed rates on yield and quality of Plantago Ovate Forsk. Ir. Agric. Sci. Technol. J. 19: 2. 93-102. (In Persian)
3.Asseng, S., Jamieson, P.D., Kimball, B., Pinter, P., Sayre, K., Bowden, J.W., and Howden, S.M. 2004. Simulated wheat growth affected by rising temperature, increased water deficit and elevated atmospheric CO2. Field Crops Res. 85: 85-102.
4.Ayaz, S., Mc Niel, D.L., Mc Kenzie, B.A., and Hill, G.D. 2001. Population and sowing depth effects on yield component of grain legumes. 10th Australian Agronomy Conference. Hobart.
5.Barary, M., Mazaheri, D., and Banai, T. 2003. The effect of row and plant spacing on the growth and yield of chickpea. Aust. J. Basic Appl Sci. 2: 12. 241-261.
6.Blum, A. 1996. Crop responses to drought and the interpretation of adaptation. J. Plant Growth Regul. 20: 135-148
7.Dusabumuremyi, P., Niyibigira, C., and Mashingaidze, A.B. 2014. Narrow row planting increases yield and suppresses 
8.Eshaghi, M., Rastgu, M., Poor Yusef, M., and Fotovat, R. 2011. Effect of sowing density and growth habit on yield, yield components and weed community of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Ir. J. Pulses Res. 2: 2. 19-34. (In Persian)
9.Fernando, H., Pablo Calvino, A., Cirilo, A., and Barbieri, P. 2002. Yield responses to narrow rows depends on increased radiation interaction. Agro. J. 94: 5. 975-980.
10.Ghodrati, G., Qamarzadeh, B., Ghafourzadeh, D., Mobiniardad, H., Arashim, M., and Eisund, H. 2012. Comparison of yield of peanut cultivars with different planting patterns in Northern Khuzestan farmers conditions. Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute. Registration number 39705. (In Persian)
11.Hayat, F., Arif, M., and Kakar, K.M. 2003. Effects of seed rates on mung bean varieties under dry land conditions. Int. J. Agric Biol. 5: 1. 160 - 161.
12.Heidari Zolleh, H., Bahraminejad, S., Maleki, G., and Pazan, A.H. 2009. Response of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) to sowing date and plant density. Res. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 5: 4. 59 - 602.
13.Jamalzehi, B., Mostafavi-Rad, M., and Ansary, M.H. 2017. Evaluation of seed protein content, yield and important agronomic traits of some determinate and indeterminate bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars as affected by different sowing dates in Talesh (Guilan). Ir. J. Field Crop Sci. 48: 1. 221-231. (In Persian)
14.Jamshidi, M., Shabani, E., Hashemi, Z., and Ebrahimzadeh, M.A. 2014. Evaluation of three methods for the extraction of antioxidants from leaf and aerial parts of Lythrum salicaria L. Int. Food Res. J. 21: 2. 783-788.
15.Kaya, Y., Evci, G., Durak, S., Pekcan, V., and Gucer, T. 2007. Determining the relationships between yield and yield attributes in sunflower. Turk. J. Agric. Forest. 31: 4. 237 - 244.
16.Koushik, C., Debarati, B., Har Narayan, M., and Kuldeepsingh, K. 2016. External potassium (K) application improves salinity tolerance by promoting Naexclusion, K accumulation and osmotic adjustment in contrasting peanut cultivars. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 103: 143-153. (In Persian)
17.Onat, B., Bakal, H., Gulluoglu, L., and Arioglu, H. 2017. The effects of row spacing and plant density on yield and yield components of peanut grown as a double crop in Mediterranean environment in Turkey. Turk J Field Crops. 22: 1. 71-80.
18.Onemli, F. 2012. Impact of climate change on oil fatty acid composition of peanut. Chilean J. Agric. Sci. 49: 4. 455-458.
19.Sedghi, M., Seyed Sharifi, R., Namvar, A., Khandan- e -Bejandi, T., and Molaei, P. 2008. Response of sunflower yield and grain filling period to plant density and weed interference. Res. J. Biol. Sci. 3: 9. 1048 - 1053.
20.Tawaha, A.R.M., Turk, M.A., and Lee, K.D. 2005. Adaptation of chickpea to cultural practices in Mediterranean type environment. Res. J. Biol. Sci. 1: 2. 152-157.
21.Yousif, D.P., and Hussain, A. 2019. Effect of genotype and plant density on growth characteristics and yield of Peanut (Archis hypogaea) in Iraq. Agric. Res. Technol. 19: 3. 101-106.
22.Zahran, H.A., and Tawfeuk, H.Z. 2019. Physicochemical properties of new peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties. OCL. 26: 19.
Journal of Crop Production
Volume 14, Issue 2
September 2021
Pages 51-64

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics