Evaluating yield and morphological characteristics of sweet corn with using different irrigation levels and cultivation techniques

In the country, reducing water resources and increasing water losses in the various methods of surface irrigation, has increased attention, super drip irrigation method, especially drip tape irrigation. One of the techniques are used in cultivation of early sweet corn, the use of plastic mulch. Using this technique, the reserve temperature conditions for plant growth and early maturity, resulting in timely delivery of product to the target market. The use of germinated seedlings in the greenhouse and move it into the plastic on the farm, in addition to reducing water consumption, will double its precocity. In order to evaluate yield and some morphological characteristics of sweet corn with use of different irrigation levels and cultivation techniques under plastic mulch, an experiment was carried out as split plot in randomize complete blocks design with three replication in Faculty Agriculture, Research Field Station of Yasouj university at 2015. The main factor consisted of irrigation in three levels: 100 percentage of water requirement (I1), 75 percentage of water requirement (I2), 50 percentage of water requirement (I3) and the sub factor was including cultivation techniques of sweet corn in six levels: seed cultivation of sweet corn under plastic mulch at 4 April (CT1), seedling cultivation under plastic mulch at 4 April (CT2), seed cultivation to conventional method of sweet corn at 5 May (CT3), seed cultivation of sweet corn under plastic mulch at 5 May (CT4), seedling cultivation of sweet corn under plastic mulch at 5 May (CT5) and seedling cultivation to conventional method of sweet corn at 5 May (CT6). The result showed that interaction irrigation and cultivation techniques were significant on traits ear yield, canned yield, water use efficiency fresh ear, forage yield and biological yield. Maximum ear yield were obtained in treatments I2CT1, I1CT1, I2CT2 and I1CT2 equal 1442, 1441, 1369 and 1351 grm-2, respectively. Minimum ear yield was obtained in I3CT3 equal 706 grm-2. Maximum canned yield were obtained in treatment I1CT1, I2CT1, I1CT2 and I2CT2 equal 558.7, 551.1, 536.2 and 527.4 grm-2, respectively. The used of seedling, accelerated plant growth and development. Maximum water use efficiency fresh ear were obtained in treatment I2CT2, I2CT1, I3CT2 and I3CT1 equal 2.21, 2.18, 2.16 and 2.14 kgm-3, respectively. With increasing of water consumption to decreased water use efficiency fresh ear. So, to use of drip tape irrigation along with supply the 75 percentage water requirement with achieve acceptable performance, had following the maximum water use efficiency. Maximum forage yield and biological yield was in I1CT1 equal 2008 and 3399 grm-2 and minimum forage yield and biological yield was in I3CT6 equal 1237 and 1947 grm-2 respectively. The effect of irrigation were significant on trait ear length and the effect of cultivation techniques on trait plant height. Maximum ear length in treatment 100 percentage water requirement were equal 20.3 cm and minimum ear length in treatment 50 percentage water requirement equal 17.6 cm. Maximum plant height was obtained in treatment seed cultivation on conventional method under plastic mulch at 4 April. If there are water restrictions, use of treatment 75 percentage water requirement of sweet corn with plastic mulch would be desirable to maximum yield produce.